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Journal of Neurorestoratology  2020, Vol. 8 Issue (2): 93-103    doi: 10.26599/JNR.2020.9040011
Review Article     
The cell repair research for Parkinson’s disease: A systematic review
Chao Chen1,2, Qingfa Chen2, Yan Liu1, Chongyang Zhang3, Kaixiang Zhu3, Xue Li4, Haitao Xie5,*, Rui Zhang6,*
1 State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
2 The Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Liaocheng People’s Hospital and Liaocheng Clinical School of Shandong First Medical University, Liaocheng 252004, Shangdong, China
3 NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
4 Research Service Office, Liaocheng People’s Hospital, Liaocheng 252004,Shandong, China
5 Centre for Research, Xiankangda Biotech Corporation, Dongguan 523808, Guangdong, China
6 Department of Neurology, Liaocheng People’s Hospital, Liaocheng 252004, Shandong, China
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Abstract  Background and Objective:

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease. Previous studies have demonstrated the effect of cell-based therapies, but their clinical efficacy and safety have not been evaluated. This review protocol aimed to systematically evaluate the effect of stem cell therapy in patients with PD and to develop an evidence base for guiding policy and practice.

Methods:

PubMed, Embase, MedlinePlus, The Lancet and Brain were searched over the period January 2001 to October 2019. The keywords used for searching were "Parkinson’s disease" and "cell therapy" and "mesenchymal stem cells" and "embryonic stem cells" and "brain-derived neural stem cells" and "neural progenitor cells" . The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement and a measurement tool, Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR), to assess systematic reviews were used to assess the reporting quality and methodological quality. Data extracted included study details, participant details, intervention details and outcome.

Results:

Nine valid research papers were screened out by systematic analysis. These nine studies were carried out in different countries, with different populations and cell types. According to evaluation methods used, all of the transplantation therapies reported can improve the symptoms of PD patients.

Conclusions:

Cell transplantation is a potential treatment option for PD. More studies with strict study design, larger sample sizes, and longer follow-up are needed in the future.

Key words： Parkinson’s disease      cell transplantation      Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS)      systematic review     
Received: 27 April 2020      Published: 11 August 2020
Corresponding Authors: Haitao Xie,Rui Zhang   
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Chao Chen
Qingfa Chen
Yan Liu
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Kaixiang Zhu
Xue Li
Haitao Xie
Rui Zhang
Cite this article:

Chao Chen, Qingfa Chen, Yan Liu, Chongyang Zhang, Kaixiang Zhu, Xue Li, Haitao Xie, Rui Zhang. The cell repair research for Parkinson’s disease: A systematic review. Journal of Neurorestoratology, 2020, 8: 93-103.

URL:

http://jnr.tsinghuajournals.com/10.26599/JNR.2020.9040011     OR     http://jnr.tsinghuajournals.com/Y2020/V8/I2/93

Fig. 1Flow diagram of literature and screen strategy.
StudyCountryPD patientsType of study; follow-up time (months)Study design
NMean age/Age range (years)Female (%)Mean duration time (years)
Leng et al. [12]China2157.33/42-7928.57-case series; 7-57a prospective , single- dose, uncontrolled, pilot study
Brazzini et al. [13]Peru5062.5/38-8128.09.3case series; mean 7.4 ± 4.5, range 1-18a prospective, single- dose, uncontrolled, pilot study
Yin et al. [14]China1266/52-8858.336.4case series; 12-36a prospective, single- dose, uncontrolled, pilot study
Canesi et al. [8]Italy564.8/60-6880.0-case series; 1-12Clinical Trials (NCT 01824121)
Venkataramana et al. [9]India755.4/22-62014.7 ± 7.56case series; 12-36a prospective, single- dose, uncontrolled, pilot study
Freed et al. [10]USA4057/34-7547.514case series; 36a prospective, single- dose, randomized controlled, pilot study
Li et al. [11]Sweden186010case report; 288a prospective, uncon trolled, pilot study
Kefalopoulou et al. [15]England268/67-69011Case series; 180/216a prospective, uncon trolled, pilot study
Kordower et al. [7]USA16110022Case report; 168a prospective, uncon trolled, pilot study
Table 1Overall information of the studies.
StudyStem cell speciesTreatmentDiagnostic and measurement toolsResults
Leng et al. [12]neural precursor cellslocal injectionMRI, PET-CTan increase in dopamine release during the first 6 months
Brazzini et al. [13]autologous bone marrow stem cellssuper selective intra- arterial autologous stem cell implantsMRI, MRSmean improvements in NAA/Cr ratio in both basal ganglia
Yin et al. [14]RPE cellssurgical procedurePETan increase in dopamine release during the first 6 months
Canesi et al. [8]MSCsvenous implantsSPECT, PET, FP-CIT, β-CITsignificant positive changes during the first 6 months
Venkataramana et al. [9]BM-MSCssurgical procedureMRIno significant changes at 12 months
Freed et al. [10]nerve cellssurgical procedurePETan increase in 18F-dopa uptake at 12 months
Li et al. [11]embryonic dopaminergic neuronstransplantation into the putamenImmunohistochem- istry, imaging, quantifica tionsurvival of dopaminergic neurons in the grafts and complete reinnervation of grafted putamen
Kefalopoulou et al. [15]fetal cellstransplantation into the putamenPETan increase in 18F-dopa uptake
Kordower et al. [7]dopaminergic neuronstransplantation into the putamenImmunohistochem- istryLewy body-like pathology in long-term nigral grafts
Table 2Treatment and diagnostic tools.
StudyIndicators
UPDRSHYPDQ-39SE-ADLNUDSPSP
Leng et al. [12] (sores pre-first surgery/pre-second surgery, 7-57months, on medication)80.71 ± 15.48/ 72.76 ± 13.313.71 ± 0.94/ 2.86 ± 1.05110.62 ± 17.62/ 104.90 ± 17.6037.14 ± 13.47/ 52.38 ± 14.11--
Brazzini et al. [13] (baseline/7.4 ± 4.5 months, on medication)68(QD 25)/34(QD 20)3.0(QD 1.0)/ 2.0 (QD 0.5)-70(QD 20)/ 80(QD 10)16.5(QD 9.25)/7.0 (QD 7.25)-
Yin et al. [14] (baseline/36 months)58.8±27.7/43.8±23.3 (on medication) 82.9 ± 28.7/64.0 ± 32.1 (off medication)-----
Canesi et al. [8] (baseline/12 months, medication not mentioned)38/440.8/0.8---42/52
Venkataramana et al. [9] (baseline/12-36 months)50.6 ± 15.9/31.7 (on medication) 65 ± 22.1/43.3 (off medication)2.785 ± 1.1/2.5 (medication not mentioned)-14% improvement (12-36 months, medication not mentioned)--
Freed et al. [10] (12 months)19.5±8.5 (on medication) 58.5±20 (off medication)-----
Li et al. [11]------
Kefalopoulou et al. [15]38/22 (baseline/216 months, off medica tion) 23/18 (baseline/180 months, off medication)-----
Kordower et al. [7]No on medication score, an increase in off medication score-----
Table 3Indicators used to evaluate efficacy of transplantation.
StudyProjects
Tumor formationImmune rejection and use of immunosuppressantGraft or delivery induced side effectsIllnesses or incidents that required medical treatmentSequelaeDeath
Leng et al. [12]000--?
Brazzini et al. [13]--00-?
Yin et al. [14]---00?
Canesi et al. [8]-----?
Venkataramana et al. [9]-----?
Freed et al. [10]---1 (subdural hematoma)0?
Li et al. [11]-----?
Kefalopoulou et al. [15]-----?
Kordower et al. [7]-----?
Table 4Safety evaluation of the procedures.
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